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The following lesson will include the negative forms with the habitual particle [la]. They follow the regular negative forms except when contracted.
Ki̲i̲m: | Jï̲n, laa bi̲i̲ duɛ̲ɛ̲l wal ni̲ ciɛŋ?
You, do you always come to the clinic very day? i.e. consistently |
Patient: | Ɣëc, /ca̲a̲ ba̲a̲ ni̲ ciaŋ.
No, I don't come consistently every day. |
Ki̲i̲m: | Kä̲ mi̲ /ci̲ a bi̲i̲, bi̲ tëk i̲ di̲? Lo̲ki̲ wä̲l jɔɔ?
But if you don't come consistently how will you live? i.e. how do you expect to live? You dislike medicine presumably? |
Patient: | Ɣɔ̲ɔ̲, cä̲ duɛ̲r, kuä̲ä̲r. Ɣä̲n, bi̲ ɤä̲n a bä̲ ni̲ ciaŋ.
Oh, I've made a mistake, chief. I, I will begin to come consistently every day. |
Ki̲i̲m: | Guic nɛy ti̲ti̲. Laa bä̲kɛ ni̲ ciɛŋ. Kä̲ ɛ jï̲n wu̲t bä̲!
Look at these people. They come consistently every day. And you are a man too! |
Gɔaa ni̲ ɤöö bi̲ wi̲cdu̲ car ɛpu̲c. Puɔ̲nydu̲ /cɛ bi̲ gɔaa
You better really think (about this). Your body won't get better. |
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Mi̲ /ci̲ bi̲ a bi̲i̲ wanɛmɛ ni̲ ciaŋ pa̲ny. Ci̲ ɛ liŋ?
if you won't keep coming here really every day. Did you hear it? |
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Patient: | Ɣɔ̲ɔ̲n, cä̲ jɛ liŋ, kuä̲ä̲r.
Yes, I heard it, chief. |
PHONETICS
SYNTAX
1st Aspect Habitual
Negative
Contracted Forms
/Cä̲́ à miɛ̲́thä̲̀ | becomes | /Cá̲a̲ miɛ̲́thnɛ̀ | |
/Cí̲ à mí̲thï̲. | becomes | /Cíá̲ mí̲thì̲. | |
/Cɛ́ à mí̲thɛ̀. | becomes | /Câa miɛ̲́thɛ̀. | |
(in) | /Cánɛ́ à miɛ̲́thnɛ̀ | becomes | /Cánàa miɛ̲́thnɛ̀ |
(ex) | /Cá̲kɔ̀ à miɛ̲́thkɔ̀ | becomes | /Cá̲kɔ̑a miɛ̲́thkɔ̀ |
/Cía à miɛ̲́thɛ̀ | becomes | /Ciȃa miɛ̲́thɛ̀ | |
/Cíkɛ̀ à mí̲thkɛ̀ | becomes | /Cíkàa mí̲thkɛ̀ | |
Meaning: I don't ever eat. |
3rd Aspect Habitual
Negative
/Cí̲ ɤä̲́n bī̲ à mī̲th. | /Cä̲́ bí̲ à miɛ̲́thä̲̀. | |
/Cí̲ jï̲n bī̲ à mī̲th. | /Cí̲ jɛn bī̲ à mī̲th. | |
Cí̲ bí̲ à mí̲thì̲. | /Cɛ́ bí̲ à mí̲thɛ̀. | |
(in) | /Cí̲ kɔ́n bí̲ à mī̲th. | /Cánɛ́ bi̲ à miɛ̲́thnɛ̀. |
(ex) | /Cí̲ kɔ̩n bí̲ à mī̲th or nɛy. | /Cá̲kɔ̀ bí̲ à miɛ̲́thkɔ̀. |
/Cí̲ yɛ̄n bí̲ à mī̲th. | /Cȋa bí̲ à miɛ̲́thɛ̀. | |
/Cí̲ kɛ̄n bí̲ à nī̲th. | /Cíkɛ́ bí̲ à miɛ̲́thkɛ̀. | |
Meaning: I will not ever eat. |
Nuer Field Project | Nouns | Verbs | Verb Book | Expressions | Grammar | Genesis | Others |